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Fertilizers and Effects

Fertilizers are commercially produced plant nutrients. Fertilizers supply nitrogen phosphorus, potassium etc. to soil. They are used to ensure good vegetative growth (leaves, branches flowers) giving rise to healthy plants. Fertilizer is a factor in the higher yield of high cost forming. Fertilizers are inorganic compounds. Different type of fertilizers is as follows:

Nitrogenous fertilizers

Plant need high amount of nitrogen. Plant becomes weak in absence of nitrogen. Therefore nitrogen has great influence on farming, ammonium sulphate, sodium nitrate, ammonium chloride, urea are some important nitrogenous fertilize.

Harmful effect

    1. Excess nitrogen weakens the stem and causes lodging.
    2. It delays ripening process.
    3. Fewer yields due to more vegetative growth.

Phosphates Fertilizers

Recent experiments have shown the necessity of phosphorous for increasing the productivity of soil for efficient utilization of nitrogen by crops. Leguminous crops respond remarkably to phosphates fertilizers. These fertilizers not only give bumper and better crop of legume but also increase the yield of cereal crops.

Effect

  1. It favorably affects the growth of plants and increases the superiority of crop.
  2. It helps build up new cells in plants.
  3. It increases activity of modulated bacteria to fix atmospheric nitrogen.

Rock phosphate sulper phosphate. Basic slay are important phosphates fertilizers.

Potash Fertilizers

Potash is the third major element needed by plant for their proper growth. Potash generally improves vigor, root development in plants. In its absence the protein and carbohydrate are not properly synthesized. Its deficiency is noted when searching of leaves at their edges is seen.

Effects

  1. Help in early ripening of fruits and also increase their sweetness.
  2. Potash fertilizers provide immunity to crops.
  3. They keep the plant green.

Sulphate of potash (40-80% K2O), silicate of potash (24-27% potassium carbonate, wood ash is important potash fertilizers.